New study: Plant-based diet can extend life



A recent study published in the journal PLOS Medicine found that eating a plant-based diet, especially early in life, was associated with extending an individual's lifespan by up to 10 years. With an estimated 11 million deaths each year due to dietary risk factors, and 255 million people dying due to dietary causes that affect life expectancy, researchers in Norway hope to better understand how sustainable dietary differences affect life expectancy.

Using the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) -- a collection of data that attributes disease mortality to a variety of individual foods -- the researchers created a computer model to determine how well people eating a typical Western diet compare to the "optimal diet." Differences in life expectancy. The researchers defined the latter as "a substantially higher intake of whole grains, legumes, fish, fruits, and vegetables than a typical diet, while also including small amounts of nuts, and reducing red and processed meats, sugar-sweetened beverages, and refined Cereal Intake".

The researchers found that starting at age 20, a consistent intake of an optimal diet increased life expectancy by 10.7 years for American women and 13 years for men. Later in life, switching to an optimal diet also had a positive impact on life expectancy, adding 8 and 8.8 years of life for women and men over 60, respectively. Even at age 80, switching to an optimal diet can increase life expectancy by an average of 3.4 years. The Western and Optimal Diets were compared to the "feasibility" diet, which is characterized by something in between. The researchers found that young adults who switched to this diet also increased their life expectancy by 7 percent or more.

The biggest reason for the increase in life expectancy is eating more beans, whole grains and nuts, and less red and processed meat, the study said. Although the researchers focused on the United States, the results for China and Europe in their study were also very similar.

In their conclusion, the study authors write:

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