A high-quality, plant-based diet slows the decline in lung function


A2530 - Association of a plant-based diet with reduced lung function in early to mid-adulthood: the CARDIA study.

Research background and purpose.

Lung function trajectory over life is a major determinant of future chronic lung disease. Diet quality in adulthood may be a modifiable risk factor for impaired lung function later in life. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between a high-quality, plant-based diet in early and mid-adulthood and lung function trajectories among participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Youth (CARDIA) Study.

Research methods:

The researchers assessed participants' diet at baseline and follow-up at years 7 and 20 using the validated CARDIA dietary history questionnaire. The quality of the plant-based diet was scored with the A Priori Diet Quality Score (APDQS), which measures adherence to nutritional Degree of rich, plant-based diet, with higher scores indicating better diet quality. The follow-up cumulative mean score was divided into quintiles. The primary endpoint was decline in lung function, including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) measured at 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 years.

We assessed the association of APDQS with annual lung function change in linear regression models, adjusting for clinically relevant covariates; and used a group-based trajectory modeling approach to generate lifetime trajectories of percent predicted lung function. Participants were assigned to one of five trajectories derived from the model, stratified by APDQS quintiles.

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